How to Be So Productive That It Makes You Dangerous
By Justin Sung
Summary
## Key takeaways - **Productivity is about output, not just effort**: True productivity isn't about being busy or expending a lot of energy in various directions. It's about focusing your efforts on tasks that are meaningful and lead to your intended product or goal, making consistent progress with less effort. [01:17], [02:14] - **Avoid the 'Obvious Target Trap' in productivity**: The obvious target trap is investing time and resources into fixing a seemingly simple problem with an obvious solution, like using complex app ecosystems. This often leads to wasted effort because it distracts from true prioritization. [08:46], [09:02] - **Prioritization is key, even when it feels bad**: Effective prioritization means actively choosing what to do and what to sacrifice, which can feel uncomfortable because you're saying 'no' to potential opportunities. However, this control over your focus leads to greater fulfillment than avoiding the discomfort. [11:08], [16:22] - **Marginal gains require measuring what truly matters**: While small daily improvements compound, the marginal gains fallacy occurs when you focus on easy-to-track metrics that don't actually lead to your goal. True progress comes from measuring outcomes or using relevant proxy metrics, even if they require more effort. [23:15], [25:25] - **Balance daily priorities with long-term values**: Your daily task priorities should adapt to your current context, not rigidly follow your core values every single day. This allows for flexibility, preventing burnout and ensuring that important values are still honored over time without causing daily conflict. [18:30], [19:31]
Topics Covered
- To get more done, you must do less.
- Your productivity problem is a prioritization problem.
- If prioritizing feels good, you're doing it wrong.
- Is your entire career an obvious target trap?
- Why '1% better every day' is a fallacy.
Full Transcript
In this video, I'm going to share with
you three powerful productivity
principles that allow you to get so much
work done compared to everyone else that
it makes you dangerous. These are
principles that I use to finish medical
school and work as a doctor while
running a business full-time and the
same principles that I coach to my
thousands of students and professionals.
The three principles are number one the
performance paradox, number two the
obvious target trap, and number three
the marginal gains fallacy. And
mastering these three principles makes
you dangerously productive. We're
talking about those people that you meet
and you just feel like you cannot
compete with them. Every time you see
them, they are effortlessly making
progress in their life. They are not
doing two steps forward, one step back
like the rest of us. Somehow, every step
is taking them forward. And they're also
not stressed and frazzled. They are calm
and focused and somehow just getting
everything done like a machine. And
actually, the reason that they're able
to be like that is because of the first
principle, which is the performance
paradox. Here's what I've learned. If
you want to be productive, you need to
have a product. Productivity is
basically how efficiently the stuff you
do leads to your intended product. Now,
this product, it could be passing an
exam, it could be getting a a job,
getting a promotion, or it could be
bigger than that. Maybe it's a series of
exams, or maybe it's your not just a
job, it's your entire career path. Or
maybe it's bigger than that. Maybe the
desired goal, your product is just to
live an intentional
life, doing the things you want to do,
being the person you want to be, feeling
fulfilled and free. But whatever it is,
the way we measure productivity has to
be based on the things that allow us to
achieve that goal and create that
product. And the difference between
someone who is highly productive,
dangerously productive, versus someone
who is just busy is that the busy person
is spending their time doing a lot of
stuff. But the productive person is
spending their time doing stuff that's
meaningful to them. So if you look at a
really busy person, they might be like
this is the person. They're just like
vibrating. They they're constantly just
doing something. there's a lot of energy
going in all sorts of different
directions. Whereas someone that's
really productive, they may not need to
do so much, but everything they do is
purposeful. And so with much less
effort, they're actually able to make
more consistent progress towards their
goals. I remember when I was younger in
my late teens and early 20s where I was
really on top of that productivity train
and I was trying to optimize absolutely
everything and make myself more
productive and I I lost sight of why I
wanted to be productive. I just got
sucked into this trap of being busy that
I started feeling that as long as I'm
doing stuff and I'm being busy with
things that on the surface seem
productive therefore I must be
productive. But a lot of the times the
things that on the surface seem
productive are not actually the best
things that you can be spending that
time doing. A great example of that is
just getting enough sleep or taking a
break or just planning things. These are
things that I typically was a bit
impatient with. I didn't feel that it
was very important. It didn't feel like
I was busy and moving and making
progress. And so I deprioritized that. I
thought it's more productive for me to
be spending my time taking action and
doing stuff. But that's a very narrow
and I would even say naive way of
thinking about achieving a goal or
achieving a product because human beings
are not machines. And so when it comes
to something like rest, rest is an
integral part of not only what keeps you
in the game long enough to achieve the
goal, but also helps you to do that more
efficiently and more optimally, which
means the more fuel and effort you put
in, the better the result you get out of
it is. If you are a professional race
car driver, you care a lot about
maintaining your car. And you can
imagine some gung-ho young racer that's
coming in and planning on driving their
car until it catches fire. That's a very
shortsighted way of thinking about
achieving a goal. And here's the thing,
because you I had that mentality when I
was trying to enter into medical school.
My primary goal at that time was
entering into medical school. and I was
driving that car until it was on fire.
But after you achieve that goal, there's
another goal. And that goal is probably
harder. And now you're on fire. You're
burnt out. And so an interesting
perspective is to extend your goals out.
See the bigger product. So let's say
that this circle is where you are right
now and the star is where you want to
get to eventually. If you've got a
short-term goal, let's say that this is,
you know, one year, 6 months. Honestly,
there's actually a lot of ways that you
can achieve that short-term goal. You
don't have to be perfectly optimized.
You can be doing all sorts of things and
you'll still eventually get there. But
as you extend that goal out further and
further, longer duration of time,
increasing level of challenge, there are
fewer paths that get you to that goal.
And so even if there is a way that you
can achieve a short-term goal, does that
put you in a position where it's
actually harder for you now to achieve
the long-term goal? Because remember,
there are a lot of ways to achieve the
short-term goal. And constantly thinking
about productivity in terms of
short-term bursts and only short-term
goals will start developing habits and
systems and processes that don't go the
distance. that will damage your
sustainability, increase your risk of
burnout, and eventually be extremely
counterproductive. And something that's
become clearer and clearer to me the
busier I've gotten, and this is the
reason why I call it the performance
paradox, is that in order to get more
product, you often need to do less. The
major difficulty, especially over time,
is not whether you can keep yourself
busy. It's not about whether you can
execute on things. It's about whether
you're executing on the things that
really make a difference. And if you're
not executing on the things that make a
difference, sometimes it's better just
to not execute at all. Save that energy,
rest, recover, spend time with your
family and your friends. Just like have
an enjoyable experience of life. If
you're in a race to get to the finish
line, you have to recognize that you are
not just a driver in the vehicle. You
are the vehicle. You are the driver. You
are the fuel. You are everything that is
going to take you to that goal, which
means you have to take care of yourself.
It's a lesson I've learned the hard way
that the more you care about the goal,
the more of a responsibility you have to
take care of yourself. And there are
very few ways that you can take care of
yourself. And do yourself a favor that
is better than joining my free
newsletter. I mean, imagine that. I have
over a decade of experience coaching
thousands of people. I've seen so many
mistakes that other people make and I
know how to solve those. Imagine if you
could just get into my mind and then
take those core principles like I'm
giving you in this YouTube video, but
it's just sent to your inbox every
single week for free, perfectly
distilled, written with my fingers. Is
that a dream? No. It's my newsletter.
But seriously, I do go through things
that I think are pretty insightful that
will help a lot of you who are
struggling with productivity and
learning. So if you want to sign up to
that, I'll leave a link to the
newsletter in the description below. So
that was the performance paradox. And
the takeaway from that is sometimes less
is more. And that is exactly the theme
of the second principle here, which is
the obvious target trap. When I was
going through uni and I had all my
lecture schedules and then I had my work
and business related activities and I
had all of these different tasks thrown
around like on a notebook and then on my
phone and I was looking for a way to
consolidate all of that into like a a
single app that would allow me to sort
of get my head around all my
productivity issues. But there was no
single app that I found that did that
very well. And so I had sort of three or
four different apps that I'd connect
together and I created my own little
ecosystem. And I honestly took a lot of
pride in that ecosystem of apps that I
developed because that system worked so
well for me in managing all my different
tasks in my schedules. It felt
efficient. Ironically, what I realize
now is that at that time I had fallen
into the obvious target trap. The
obvious target trap is when you think
that there is a problem, usually a very
obvious problem, and then you see an
obvious way to fix that problem. And so
you dedicate time and invest resources
and effort into fixing that problem. But
this can actually be an incredible waste
of time, potentially the biggest, most
problematic type of wasted time. Here's
what happened with my apps. One of the
apps got updated. It no longer connected
with the other app I had it with. And
then that made me not use those apps for
like a few weeks. And a few weeks later,
I kind of forgotten how it all comes
together because it was so complicated
that then I just stopped using it. And
then because I'd stopped using it, but
my entire life was on there. I had like
hundreds of backlog tasks and schedules
that were thrown around there that I had
to manually then reexport out, funnily
enough, back to just Google Calendar.
And now this is not a Google Calendar
sponsor segment. Not that Google
Calendar needs a sponsor, but the idea
here is that simplicity is really king.
If you ask me now what my productivity
system is, there's three things. A
calendar app, the notes app on my phone,
and a lit like sticky notes, literally
sticky notes
that I just write stuff on and, you
know, with my hands and I just look at
it with my eyes. Very, you know, ancient
technology.
And the reason is that I don't need
anything more than that. It's very easy
in the productivity space to
overoptimize on obvious targets, things
that you see a small problem with and
you can obviously make that better like
a new app or a fancy notion template.
But the thing is, I really doubt that
you or me with the fanciest notion
templates and the newest apps is
unlocking this level of productivity
that has just never been reached by any
person in humankind before us. There
have been really impressive people doing
really impressive, productive things for
hundreds of years. And so the core issue
with this obvious target trap is that it
all just comes down to a lack of proper
prioritization. When you learn to
prioritize really well, 90% of your
productivity problems will be solved.
It's not going to come from time
blocking. It's not going to come from a
new app. It's not going to come from the
way you do your schedule. It's not going
to come from a Pomodoro timer. It's
going to come from just not wasting your
time on things you shouldn't be doing in
the first place. And this concept of
prioritizing effectively ties in
directly with the predto principle. So
if you're aware of the predto principle,
the idea is sometimes it's called the
8020 rule. The idea with the predto
principle or the 8020 rule is that 20%
of the stuff you do is going to make 80%
of the impact. Well, the other way to
think about this is that if you've got a
list of, let's say, 10 things that
you're trying to do, then without
prioritizing, you have got an 80% chance
of wasting your time on the stuff that
does not move the needle. So, your job
is not to look at this list of stuff and
just smash them out as quickly as
possible. Your job is to look at this
list and ask yourself, what are the key
levers? What are the things that if I
were to work on get me closer to the
product, my overall goal as effectively
as possible? Ask yourself that question
and figure out what the 20% of the tasks
that are worth doing actually are and
actively reject the rest. These things
that are not the key levers, they are
not worth your cognitive bandwidth. they
are not worth your mental attention and
your time to optimize because the
opportunity cost. What you could be
doing instead is working on this stuff
and these are the things that are going
to push you forward towards your goal.
And when you see that dangerously
productive person, chilling out, looking
relaxed, coming to the parties, and
socializing, and you're wondering, how
do you get so much done when you never
seem to be busy? It's because they're
spending the 20% of their time doing the
stuff that really matters. It's not that
they've got less stuff to do. They are
choosing to do less stuff, which
performance paradox gets them more
result. Same principle with your
productivity system or the apps that you
use. I decided that the only apps I need
is something to track my schedule, a
calendar, and something to track my
thoughts, a paper or the notes app. And
I built a solid mental framework around
how I use those two things. I doubled
down on the key levers and I focused on
creating simplicity. Now, I teach
prioritization a lot and prioritization
frameworks. And what I've personally
seen is that the average person is not
very skilled at prioritizing. Part of it
is that some people don't have the
frameworks, but actually the bigger part
is that even when people have the
frameworks, I found that they're usually
not using them in the way that they need
to be. And so I want to give you a quick
tutorial on how to do prioritization
really effectively. I'll give you a
super quick practical framework that you
can use and then the common pitfalls
that I've noticed stop people from using
those frameworks. And if you've ever
struggled with prioritization yourself
and you've tried it in your own life,
then you'll probably resonate with these
pitfalls. So the first thing that I want
to give you is the framework. The
simplest one I think is the or not and
framework. You've got a lot of stuff to
do. Someone asks you, hey, you want to
get a coffee, get some pizza? You have
to think, cool, I could do that and then
I can fit time, do my other tasks
afterwards, and then I can go for my jog
after this. No, no, no. The way you
think about it is I can do that or I can
do this other thing in my priority list.
Everything that you decide to commit to
has an opportunity cost. Sometimes the
opportunity cost is purely your own
freedom, peace of mind, relaxation, and
that could be extremely important. That
could be the key lever for you that day.
And so the or not and framework simply
says when you're confronted with a new
possible task or commitment to do
instead of accepting it ask yourself
what will you sacrifice in order to fit
that in. Figure out what you're willing
to lose. And by doing this one of two
things is going to happen. Either you
are correct. You genuinely did not have
time to do both of those things. It's a
good idea for you to have thought or not
and and picked your loss very
intentionally
or you finish things faster than you
expected and you do get time to do more
than that and then you can just do it.
You can just add that on and still get
it done. There's genuinely no downside
to thinking about it as or not and and
connecting yourself with what you are
intending to lose. But when you don't do
this, that's when you end up with this
overwhelming amount of stuff that you're
constantly juggling and you never feel
like you have time to do everything
because you don't have time to do
everything. The issue is that you're not
connecting to the fact that you don't
have time and you have to pick something
to get rid of. Which brings me to the
first major pitfall, which is that
correct prioritization
should feel bad. If you are even
remotely newish to prioritizing
and it doesn't feel bad, you are
probably okay, there's only three
situations here. Number one, it feels
bad because there are important things
that you want to do that you're actively
saying no to. Feels bad or it feels good
because you don't have many things going
on in your life. So, you can basically
say yes to anything and it's all easy.
That's not the case for most people,
especially most people watching a video
about how to be more productive. Or
number three, it doesn't feel bad
because you're stuck at prioritizing and
you're not connecting with the pain of
what you're losing. In which case, it's
going to feel bad for you eventually
when you're not able to keep on top of
all of your commitments and you realize
you're falling behind. So either way,
not prioritizing feels bad. Prioritizing
feels bad. The difference is that when
you prioritize, even though it feels
bad, you are in control of your
priorities and your life. You are
deciding where to put your time and your
attention and your mental energy. And
over time, what will happen is that even
though it initially feels bad, you will
realize that hey, even though it feels
bad because you're saying no to
something, you are at the same time
saying yes to something else that was
actually more important for you. And
when you feel the the benefit of having
said yes to that, that's going to make
you feel good. And eventually, this
feedback loop is going to over time make
it so that when you say no to something,
you don't feel bad about it anymore
because you connect that with what
you're truly saying yes to. and that
deep sense of fulfillment and
satisfaction that you are really
deliberately and intentionally taking
control of your life that is a feeling
that goes beyond just feeling good or
feeling bad. So that's the that's the
first common pitfall is that people
don't feel bad enough or they avoid
feeling bad. The second thing is that
when you're prioritizing correctly, your
task priorities should not be the same
as your values. If every time you come
to prioritize your tasks, you're doing
it based on the priority of your values,
that means that every single day there
are certain tasks that are always going
to be prioritized higher and then
certain tasks that are always going to
be prioritized lower. So that is
actually going to create an imbalance of
your priorities. That makes it very
binary. It means that the one or two
most important things in your values
receive all of the attention and
everything else is constantly put off
and that is going to create a lot of
value dissonance in you because you are
constantly saying no to things that are
genuinely important to you. And so the
way that priorities and values balance
out is that on a daily basis, your
priorities should reflect the context
and situation and what is important for
you in that short-term period like for
those few days. Balance out your values
across weeks. So let's say you really
value spending time with a certain
friend. That's fine. Spend time with
that friend, but you don't have to spend
time with that friend every single day.
You say no to the friend on Monday. You
say no to the friend on Tuesday, you
make up for it on the Wednesday or the
Thursday or the Friday or the next week.
And saying no to one of your values on
any given day is not likely to lead to a
meaningful consequence in a short amount
of time. Your values are more like a
compass. Whereas your task priorities is
more like the road you're going to take.
And so I would recommend spending active
time at least at the beginning maybe 15
to 30 minutes a day depending on how
much stuff you have to prioritize to
actively sit down go through all of your
tasks and use this or not and framework
to be very clear about where your key
levers are what you're saying no to and
just re-evaluate your values and your
priorities. Ask yourself, have I fallen
into the obvious target trap where I'm
spending time on things that I think are
obvious things for me to work on when
actually when you take a step back,
that's not the thing that's going to
make the biggest difference. FYI, for me
personally, I usually review my task
priorities and rep prioritize every day.
And if I'm really really busy and
there's lots of stuff on my plate, I
might rep prioritize it even twice a
day. So that's on a daily or weekly
basis. I also recommend that you do this
prioritization and you take a step back.
You think about whether you have fallen
into the obvious target trap on a longer
term scale as well. Maybe once every 3
to 6 months and this is because it's
very easy to get tunnel vision relating
to your priorities. So years ago I was
involved in the medical entry space like
helping people enter into medical
school. And so these students are very
motivated entering into medical school.
They're going through medical school.
they're studying. Even from the very
first time I meet them and I ask them,
"Hey, why do you want to be a doctor?"
They give some generic answer, but
they're not really sure. And I can tell
they're kind of just convincing
themselves. They go through medical
school, this question still lingers in
the back of their mind. They become a
doctor, it's still lingering, and then
15 years later, they're messaging me
saying, "Hey, Justin, how did you manage
to leave being a doctor because I hate
my job now?" And it's the exact same
concerns that they had 10 plus years ago
that they just never addressed. That's
an example, maybe an extreme example,
but honestly really common of an obvious
target trap just dominating for like a
whole era of your life. You know, I said
that nothing wastes more time than just
doing the wrong thing. Well, this is an
example where someone has entered an
entire career path, spent 10 plus years
of their life on something and then
realized that it was the wrong thing to
be doing because 10 years ago they
didn't ask themselves this question. Is
this entire pathway the road that I'm
on? Is that the right road that I want
to be on? Or is that road just the
obvious target that I latched on to
years ago? And the only reason I'm still
on this obvious target road is because
to challenge that feels too insecure.
There's too much of my identity tied up
in it and it's too destabilizing. Well,
it doesn't get any easier the longer you
leave it. If you're driving on a road
trip and you feel like you're getting
lost, you don't keep driving until you
just see where you end up before you
check the map. So, that's the obvious
target trap. And by the way, if this is
a concept that resonated with you, I
talk about a little bit more in one of
my newses as well. So, just a reminder,
the link to that is in the description.
The third principle here is the marginal
gains fallacy. Did you know if you get
1% better every single day for 365 days,
one year, you would be 37 times better
than you are today. That is the crux of
the marginal gains concept. It was made
famous, I think probably by James CLA in
his book atomic habits. That's where a
lot of people are exposed to this
concept. And you know, the idea is that
these 1% gains are compounding. So even
though it you know you're not really
making much progress in these early days
over time it stacks up and stacks up
until you are you know multiple times
better than you are now. And there's a
lot of power and a lot of truth to this
concept most of the time for whatever
goal you're trying to reach.
This is not going to be done in like one
single line, one single shot. As you
progress and every step you take, you
are constantly going to have to make
micro optimizations to your processes
and to your systems to keep you focused
and on track and productive. And every
time you make that micro adjustment,
that's a 1% change. But this is the part
about this marginal gains framework that
I don't see a lot of other people
talking about, which is interesting to
me because this is actually the thing
that I see more commonly, which is that
you can make a 1% gain every single day
to slowly get better. But you can also
make a 1% change that makes you
continually worse. And so every day
you're just getting 1% worse. Or what's
more common is that every single day you
make a 1% change, but you're not really
moving at all. You're just kind of
changing back and forth, up and down,
and fluctuating. And the difference
between the person that is marginally
gaining versus the person that is
marginally getting worse or the person
that's marginally static and
fluctuating. The difference is data.
It's metrics. It's the feedback you get
from the optimization that you're
making. When you make an optimization
and you get feedback on whether that was
a good or a bad optimization, that tells
you how to adjust your optimization next
time or whether that is even a
worthwhile optimization to continue
with. The marginal gains fallacy is
making 1% changes every single day
believing that just because you make a
1% change, it is going to result in
cumulative gain. In reality, you only
get the gain when you measure
what matters. I'm going to take an
obvious example from learning. Let's say
that someone's spending a lot of time
learning, like lots and lots of hours a
day. So, their primary metric they're
going to use is hours of studying per
day. So, hours of studying per day. Very
easy to track and get feedback on. So
they're going to make an optimization to
try to reduce the amount of hours of
studying per day. So let's say that they
were originally writing lots and lots of
notes. And so to reduce the amount of
time that they're spending, they're
going to use an AI to summarize the
notes for them. So they're able to now
cut their hours of study down from let's
say 10 hours a day to 5 hours a day. So
based on this metric, this is a great
success. And so further optimizations
should continue to build this marginal
gain. Except this would be probably a
terrible idea because the reason that
they're learning in the first place is
not to fill the hours in their day. The
reason that they're learning is to pass
an exam or to have expertise, have
knowledge in their memory. So their true
outcomes that actually matter for them
are knowledge retention in their memory
and knowledge depth or expertise slash
the ability to apply what they've
learned. These are the things that
actually matter that they should be
testing on. So probably what would end
up happening is that by using AI to
summarize these notes and therefore
bypassing some maybe more helpful
cognitive processes of learning that
they were doing when they were writing
their notes, their actual retention and
their depth may go down. So yes, they
have saved time, but they could also
save time by just not studying and that
would have the exact same effect of
reducing the metrics that actually
matter. And so I think this is a good
example because the easy thing to
measure in this case hours a day is not
always the metric that actually matters.
Measuring your retention and measuring
your depth and expertise this this is
much harder. It takes a lot more
conscious effort. These are not metrics
that are like readily available for you.
But by not having these metrics that
actually matter, you run the risk of
being this person or this person. If you
pick a metric that is actually wrong,
where tracking that metric is going to
make you change things in a way that's
worse, you're going to become like this
bottom person marginally getting worse.
Whereas, if you're tracking metrics that
are essentially meaningless, then you're
going to be making futile optimizations
that actually don't get you any closer
to your goal. And so if you want to make
those 1% changes compound into real
gains, a lot of the time you have to
spend extra effort to find ways to
measure the thing that actually matters
because especially for big complex
long-term goals, the metrics are not
readily available and easy to get your
hands on. So one of my students is a
emergency doctor training to be a
medicine specialist and a lot of the
learning that she's doing and little
optimizations is to try to make her
better as an emergency medicine
specialist but it's very hard for her to
track whether her knowledge is
developing in line with an expert. We
tried using chatbt getting it to give
feedback on her level of knowledge but
we found that compared to a true expert
it just wasn't nuanced enough. That's a
common current limitation with a lot of
LLM engines. And so the extra effort she
had to go to was to reach out to her
seniors to create a mentorship network
so that she could have meetings, go
through problems and questions, talk
about her understanding and get feedback
to see and calibrate whether she was
moving in the right direction or not.
This is a very manual process. It takes
time. It takes effort. Takes other
people's time and effort. But it's
necessary and incredibly valuable
because it provides a rare data point
about whether you're optimizing in the
right direction or not. And the person
who is dangerously productive, they've
probably gone through this process
already. They have insights about their
own processes and systems. They've spent
the time to ask themselves, hey, does
this really matter? Does this really get
me to my goal or not? they spent the
extra time and effort to evaluate that
and critically dissect what they are
measuring to make sure that they are
optimizing in a way that gets them to
their goal. And so to help you with
this, I'm going to give you two
different ways that you can start
measuring what matters. There are two
different types of metrics that you
should try to set up. The first is an
outcome
metric and the second is a performance
or sometimes I like to call it a proxy
metric. An outcome metric is when you
get data on whether you're actually
achieving your goal or not. So for
example, if it's with learning, your
goal is to achieve a certain level of
retention and depth. So it would be
about methods that give you data on your
retention and your depth. So this could
be something like just testing yourself,
creating a test for yourself, using AI
to generate a test for yourself. If the
thing you're trying to optimize is your
business revenue, that will be the
actual amount of money that you
generated. So you would track that by
well just tracking your actual money. If
it's a fitness goal like running that
you're tracking, it's going to be your
actual target running pace, right? So
you're going to actually track the pace
of your running. So the outcome metrics
give you the answer. It tells you, have
you achieved it or not? And if you
haven't achieved it, what is the actual
number, the level that you have
achieved? So the outcome metric is the
most accurate. It's the one that is most
closely going to reflect your progress
to the overall goal. And if you can
readily generate outcome metrics for
yourself, that's kind of the the best.
You should do that as much as possible.
But often outcome metrics are delayed or
it's more subtle and ambiguous. It's
hard to actually directly measure it. So
let's say that you are trying to get a
job and you need to pass a certain
interview. It's really hard to create an
outcome metric for whether you're
passing or failing an interview because
there are no real quantifiable metrics
that you can measure that on and you
can't just wait until you do the
interview and then fail to realize that
it wasn't good enough. So when the
outcome metric is delayed or it's too
hard to get visibility on it, then you
would try to use a performance or a
proxy metric instead. A performance
metric or a proxy metric tells you how
you are doing on the way to your outcome
metric. It gives you a sort of
checkpoint evaluation and these are
usually things that are more easy to
evaluate and track. So for example uh if
you are doing that interview you might
set up some kind of external you know
mentor or senior that you can talk to to
get feedback. If you're selling a
product that hasn't launched yet then
you might not be able to track the sales
number which is what you care about as
an outcome metric. So instead maybe you
track the number of people that are
registering to be interested in
purchasing this or maybe you track your
website views. And the good thing about
a performance or proxy metric is that
because they're just signals of
progress, you can really measure
anything. So let's say that the goal
that you want to have is like more
emotional stability. So that's very hard
to measure as an outcome metric, but you
can do a daily mood checkin. So you
could have a daily mood. You could do
emotional reflections
and you can use this data to see whether
you're heading in the right direction or
not. So you might find that for your
goal there are one or two outcome
metrics that you can measure and then
there are four or five proxy metrics
where no single one of them is going to
be enough to give you a picture. But by
tracking all five of them, it gives you
a pretty good idea about whether you're
in the right direction. And the most
important thing is that you are
measuring the thing that actually
matters instead of just measuring the
thing that's easy to track when that may
not really be correlated to the true
outcome you're aiming for. And so that's
the third principle, the marginal gains
fallacy, or rather how to avoid the
marginal gains fallacy. And so all of
these three things come together in
understanding that when it comes to
productivity, sometimes less is more.
And the way you decide what to spend
your time doing is by avoiding this
obvious target trap and doing really
clear, sometimes emotionally difficult
prioritization. And to make sure that
the things that you are prioritizing are
the things that get you to your goal,
you need to set up these metrics to
measure what matters. And so by
following these three principles, not
only will your productivity improve, but
it will become easier and less
stressful, and you'll be able to make
more consistent strides towards your
goal when other people may just be busy.
That is what makes you dangerously
productive. Now, if you're interested in
more productivity tips like this, then
you might be interested in watching this
video here where I break down 22 of my
top productivity strategies that you can
fit in as part of your arsenal. So, if
you're interested, check that out. But
otherwise, thank you so much for
watching and I'll see you in the next
one.
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