World War 2 Full History in Brief useful for School Students

underline and direct reasons for american neutrality reasons for american entrance into world war ii um aka pearl harbor uh what are the wartime goals of the allies and the major

battles of world war ii such as d-day iwo jima and okinawa we're also going to take a look at the american home front yalta and the potsdam conferences and

their significance and the decision to drop the atomic bomb and its lasting effects causes for world war ii first the underlying causes

uh dating back to world war one and imperialism we're gonna find uh the treaty of versailles remember that's gonna leave um feeling of hatred and bitterness

with the germans towards the rest of the allies so i'm they're going to be wanting their vengeance for how they were improperly treated after world war one

ideas of nationalism of course everyone in the world is experiencing the great depression the rise of dictatorships europe's policy of appeasement and

american isolationism the direct cause for world war one is germany invading poland on september 1st 1939.

so here's a picture of uh some of the german panzer tanks as they roll in to poland on the invasion on the 1st of september and here's just another picture of the

german military preparing for war the axis powers so uh hitler and nazi germany the rise of power as a result of

the weakness of the previous government from 1933 up until um hitler becomes the chancellor a hitler is a totalitarian ruler and is a well

liked and beloved uh for several reasons uh one thing he's very charismatic speaker really grabs the attention of the people with his speeches he preached constantly about german

nationalism and he denounced the versailles treaty he also finds a scapegoat for a lot of the things going wrong in germany and that scapegoat is

the jewish people and the communists are both put to blame for the german province one of his promises that he preaches is

that germany will return back to their former glory here's a picture of hitler giving one of his speeches

and again hitler again giving one of his speeches benito mussolini is a dictator in italy he's a fascist leader who took control of italy in 1922 he wanted to create

another roman empire he invaded ethiopia to help begin this empire in 1935 and along with hitler he supported other

like-minded dictators such as francisco franco in the spanish civil war below you see a picture of mussolini kind of a scary tough looking guy there

japanese expansion uh the japanese sought total control of the pacific because of the resources that are allotted there in 1931 the japanese take military occupation of

the country of manchuria in 1936 japan then signs the pact with germany and italy making them

allies and in december of 1937 uh japan partakes in the nan king massacre here's just a picture of japanese

imperialism um right here you see the island of japan and you see as they go forth into manchuria and how they begin to invade

asia this is through the previous wars we've talked about the sino japanese war and the russo-japanese war american neutrality to the left here you see the

president of the great depression and the beginning of world war ii president roosevelt domestically speaking uh the us is in the midst of a great depression

just like the rest of the world is and the u.s public is very intent on remaining neutral staying out of european affairs in 1935

the u.s creates their first neutrality

the u.s creates their first neutrality act which essentially says we will not get involved at all in any european

affairs we will not even sell any arms uh to any belligerent nations belligerent meaning any nation kind of looking to cause trouble start war

however in 1937 we changed that neutrality act and uh we alter it in terms of the fact that we will now

sell arms uh to nations however um only to those nations that have cash because they need to pay in cash we learned from

world war one that uh loaning people money to purchase these goods is not a very good idea especially if they cannot pay them back so we want cash

and they have to carry their own arms out which means they need to take care of their own shipping to and from where these weapons need to go

fdr does warn that uh there is something going on here that these nations are stocking up on all these weapons something big is about to happen so he had a general idea that something bad

was about to take place but we be in the us we could not pass up an opportunity to make a quick buck isolationism in the u.s would continue

uh both economically and militarily um however again we were selling weapons we did want to try to prevent mistakes which led to

our world war one involvement uh one of fdr's quotes that that go along with these mindsets is let no one imagine that we will escape that this western hemisphere will not be attacked

this outraged a lot of the isolationists because fdr knew that at some point in time we're going to get dragged into this war and that we should prepare for it get

ready however a lot of u.s citizens felt that we should just

u.s citizens felt that we should just mind our own business the policy of appeasement is one of the biggest causes

of world war ii uh this is the idea that the powers of europe would essentially let hitler and mussolini take whatever they land

that they pleased in hopes that once they're happy with the amount of property or territory or resources that they have that they will stop

and that war will not become widespread um some examples of how they used appeasement in 1938 hitler would invade austria

and take over the sudetenland on the czech border in the munich conference of 1938 as well chamberlain and dalai deer would allow hitler to do this

chamberlain's overall goal is that he wants to maintain peace in our time while at the same time of allowing hitler to go and kind of take whatever he wants

uh the british are back home are re-arming so they they have a sense of what all of this land grabbing by hitler and mussolini is going to lead up to

um they just kind of want to make sure that they're better prepared for what is to come war erupts march 1939 hitler breaks the munich agreement and invades the rest of

czechoslovakia and in august 1939 hitler signs a non-aggression pact with rival ussr and turns his attention west hitler has learned from his from the german

mistakes of world war one and that you cannot successfully fight a two-front war especially when that eastern front of war is going to be facing the massive nation of russia so

he's smart and creates a non-aggression pact which essentially says that russia we will not attack you as germans as long as you do not

attack us and this leads to the first official strike uh of the war uh september 1st 1939 the blitzkrieg invasion of poland where britain and france after

this uh declare war on the germans as a part of that non-aggression pact deal germany does give a part of poland to russia

as kind of a act of good faith here's a picture on the left of what the german blitzkrieg involved again is it is a quick lightning attack by both land sea and

air to uh take your enemy out as quickly as possible world war ii from 1939 to 1941 hitler's wild ride in europe while the us stands by and watches

hitler moves in to europe in april 1940 hitler seizes norway and denmark in may he takes the netherlands belgium luxembourg by june hitler controls france

this then turns the attention er this then allows germany to turn their attention towards great britain and the fall of 1940 um hitler embarks

in the battle of britain in which for i believe it's about 40 days straight um london is heavily bombed by the german luftwaffe which is their german air

force um however um churchill and the brits remain defiant they do not surrender to hitler's attacks over here on the right is a picture of

the leader of great britain at the time prime minister winston churchill kind of has a face of a bulldog a little bit which was his nickname the united states and britain again we

do have ties to great britain um in 1939 roosevelt revises his neutrality act and allows for arms trade especially to help out our friends great britain

public opinion about this act is divided again some of us believe that we need to get involved before we're dragged in others believe we need to mind our own business and this leads up to the

election of 1940 in which fdr wins his third presidential term which is an unprecedented thing because most presidents

only serve nowadays two terms in 1940 we come up with a destroyers for bases deal which means that if you allow us to have naval bases

uh in your land in your region then we will build destroyer ships for you and 1941 we come up with the lend lease act

so again here's a better look at the destroyers for bases it called for 50 american destroyers to be exchanged for the use of eight british naval bases along the north atlantic coast

so this is going to allow us to have a naval presence directly in europe in europe without having to waste time and money of churning back and forth between the

atlantic and the us the lund leafs act made it possible to lend or lease supplies to any country whose interests were

vital to our side of the success of war so for instance for great britain we gave them roughly about 50 billion dollars the us enters the war the destroyers for

bases deal will allow the us to extend its influence in the war in august 1941 the atlantic charter is revised and churchill and fdr agreed to defend democracy

free trade and economic advancement the u.s destroyer greer

u.s destroyer greer would be attacked in september of 1941 and the u.s directly now becomes in naval warfare although we do not have official physical troops on the ground

in this war we are again involved in naval warfare the us and japan japan wanted to extend influence in the far east and in july of 1940

the u.s would embargo the raw materials

the u.s would embargo the raw materials that we were trading back and forth with japan because of their extensive push west towards us and the pacific

in 1941 we would lend lease aid to china to defend themselves against the japanese from being invaded and taken over and we were also preparing for an attack

in the philippines as well and december 7th 1941 a day which will live in infant infamy is when japan would attack pearl harbor and this is essentially what drags us

into world war ii we will stop there for today

until next time hello and welcome back to world war ii uh we're going to continue on uh with our powerpoint lecture here uh continuing on with the united states and

japan we're going to take a look at how japan essentially draws us into war japan is wanting to extend their influence in the far east by

imperial imperializing manchuria parts of china and essentially extending westward as well due to this threat in july of 1940 the u.s

u.s is going to decide to embargo all raw materials to japan which essentially means we're not going to trade with them in 1941 we're going to do the len lease

aid act with china to help them gear up so that they can better defend themselves against the japanese in a possible incoming invasion at the same

time we're also anticipating an attack that the japanese will probably do to the philippine islands december 7 1941 uh japan will

officially attack pearl harbor in hawaii and this is essentially the final act that draws us into war and out of our isolationism

so here are some images of pearl harbor here as you see here you kind of see a lot of ships um grouped together essentially what pearl harbor was is

that we had most of our naval fleet docked in the harbor here and so it was easy pickings for the

japanese to just come in with their bombers and destroy our ships we were able to scramble some of our

fleet to fight back but uh we lost pretty much everything here's a good look at planes taken off from aircraft care carriers trying to defend our naval

fleet so as i said bombing of pearl harbor is a what draws america into the war the pearl harbor attack devastates our nation this is the first time in our history

that uh that the united states as a nation is attacked uh fdr creates a famous speech in which uh one line just stands out

throughout all of history which is this is a date which will live in infamy essentially meaning a date that we will always remember because it's the first time the united states collectively has been attacked as a result of this

day december 8th 1941 fdr will receive war declaration from congress against japan and then eventually since japan

are allies with germany and italy they will come to the aid of their ally and eventually declare war on the united states

japanese internment in february 1942 fdr issues an executive order that over 100 000 japanese americans on the west coast will be moved to the

interior japanese farms and businesses are going to be uh sold and purchased for far less value than they're worth so what happens here is

there's a large japanese population living in hawaii and on the west coast at this time and it's the american belief that some of those japanese

americans were actually japanese spies that have infiltrated our nation and are giving away a secrets that's uh how a lot of people believe that uh that they

knew that all of our ships would be in pearl harbor at that date at that certain time so here's a picture of some of the internment camps

it was men women and in the bottom here children that are being taken away and put in these internment camps as well allied military strategy from 1941 to

1945 the participants on the allied powers you have england the soviet union only after germany cuts loose the non-aggression

pact and attacks the russians on june 22 1941 france is a part of the allies and the united states the access

powers are italy germany and japan mobilizing for war in 1940 economy focuses on military mobilization there's a massive industrial output that takes place

there's twice as productive as the germans were and were five times more productive than the japanese our primary focus was to create tanks planes and

battleships to help focus this huge industrial output a particular board is put together called the warp production board where their sole focus is

uh creating more machinery ammunition supplies for war we also create a military draft and draft young men

that would soon be trained in the art of war and ready to fight for world war ii here here on the side is a picture of wartime propaganda again uh

encouraging uh u.s civilians to get involved you

uh u.s civilians to get involved you know you see hitler on the right and japanese on the left both of them kind of eyeing north america

saying our homes are in danger now meaning this is no longer in across the atlantic ocean problem the liberation of europe um fdr

wants to liberate europe first and then pursue an act of defense in the pacific uh the battle of the atlantic is hitler's wolf packs versus the allied

navies and uh our goal is to clear germany also from north africa in late 1942 only tunisia would be left under the control of the

axis powers on the left hand side here you see a picture of hitler's desert fox one of his most trusted

commanders in northern africa erwin rommel is his name allied advances in europe 1943-1944 january 1943 the allies would agree to

fight until they win unconditional surrender by february 1943 the soviet union would take back stalingrad from the germans and they would move westward

at the same time there is an allied victory in tunisia in northern africa which would secure all of northern africa for the allies so here are just some

pictures of you know wartime deaths um this is a great picture of

what cities looked like after war um these battles and fights did not take place in the wilderness or in a forest or

on huge fields out in the country they took place in cities in people's homes and it left europe physically devastated much like

world war one did allied advancements would continue on july 10 1943 italy is invaded and fighting continues

from july 1943 to june of 1944 there are 70 000 allied troops killed there's a separate peace which was signed with the new italian government

in september of 1943 these people being hung upside down stoned beaten these are seen as war criminals most of these are probably

fascist italians or fascist germans that were found in italy when it was retaken by the allies the unconditional surrender in europe

from 1944 to 1945.

britain and the u.s air raid strategic sites in germany the nickname of these air raids were the flying fortresses because it was just

um group after group after group of airplanes just bombing german sites non-stop on june 6 1944 is a historic d-day invasion

and the allied invasion of normandy this is the taking back of france from the the germans on the beaches uh here's a picture of that here if you've ever seen the film

saving private ryan about the first 10 minutes of that is the d-day invasion there is the battle at normandy as well which lasted from june 6th to july

24th and on august 25th 1944 france is liberated germany's last gasp effort hitler is caught between the allied troops coming

in from the west and stalin's forces coming from the east so it seems like a repeat of history the one thing that hitler tried to avoid by signing the non-aggression pact with the russians

and so he wouldn't have to fight a two-front war comes into fruition shortly after he breaks the non-aggression pact and invades the russians so he's now again

fighting a war on two fronts which of course he cannot win uh one of the major battles at this time in december 1944 the battle of the bulge

april 25th 1945 russia and the allied forces meet at the elbe river and may 8 1945 germany surrenders

ve day is official be day means victory in europe you